金融貨幣改革 - 有可能修復金融貨幣體系嗎?

The Zeitgeist Movement
回覆文章
漢化組亞伯
文章: 84
註冊時間: 2014-04-26, 17:02

金融貨幣改革 - 有可能修復金融貨幣體系嗎?

文章 漢化組亞伯 » 2014-04-29, 01:20

註:以下文章翻譯自 http://blog.thezeitgeistmovement.com/bl ... E.facebook

Like all things within the natural world, the monetary system is constantly evolving. As the concept of economic exchange between peoples has evolved, the idea of money has become increasing abstract until today most money is digits in cyberspace representing information. This concept of money as information has always been present, but hidden behind the many forms money has taken down the millennium. For example, during WWII there was a form of script issued for commodities like sugar, butter, meat or gasoline that might be in short supply. These rationing coupons were used in conjunction with money in order to obtain access. Today, usually money alone is used to limit access to all goods and services. If you have money, then you have access, no money - no access. The rules of society enforce this so rigidly that many starve daily even though we can and do create a vast over abundance of food worldwide.
如同所有自然世界中的事物一樣,金融貨幣體系也持續演變。當經濟交易在人們之間的概念改變時,金錢的概念變得越抽象。直至今日,大部份的金錢只是存在於電腦空間裡的數位資訊而已。金錢只是摸不著的資訊這種概念一直都存在,但千年以來一直都被隱藏在金錢本身流傳下來的許多不同形式之中。例如,在二戰期間,有發行一種形式的紙張,以取得像是糖、奶油、肉或汽油這些可能短缺的物資。這些配給券與金錢一起被使用以為了取得物資。今日,通常只要利用金錢就能限制一個人取得所有的物品和服務。如果你有錢,你就能獲得,如果你沒錢,就不能獲得物資。今日社會嚴格地遵循這項準則,以至於許多人每天挨餓,即使我們能夠且確實能在世界上創造出大量的富足和食物。

The Zeitgeist Movement promotes the idea of a Resource Based Economic Model in which money is eliminated. Many both inside and outside the movement have trouble with the idea of vanishing money even though they can recognize the possibility of better serving the needs of all humanity under a RBEM. Out of this difficulty, much discussion centers on the ideas of transition, often even hindering the very activism that is designed to promote the transition to a true RBEM. This is unfortunate, as time is very short for the monetary system that is destroying itself, our environment and the fabric of our civilization. The big question in the minds of many has been “Is it possible to fix the monetary system?” Some of the best and brightest within our governments, our NGOs and even within the Occupy movements have argued that the answer to this question is yes and offer many alternatives. Within TZM, even many who have become convinced of the benefits of a RBEM that eliminates the need for money still devote their time and energy to working out “transitions” within the confines of a monetary system.
時代精神運動提倡的概念是「資源導向型經濟」,其中消除了金錢。許多在這個運動之內和之外的人無法接受「去除金錢」這個想法,即使他們能認知到在資源導向型經濟的模型之下,更有可能良好地滿足全人類的需求。由於這點認知上的困難,許多討論聚焦在過渡階段的想法,通常甚至會妨礙到為了過渡至真正的資源導向型經濟而設計的根本行動。這點非常不幸,因為對於正在摧毀自身的金融貨幣體系(即我們目前文明和環境的根基)來說,時間所剩無幾了。許多人心理一直有的問題是「有可能修復金融貨幣體系嗎?」。我們政府、非營利組織或甚至佔領運動中一些最聰明的人,對於這一點的問題是肯定的,並也提出許多替代方案。在時代精神運動之中,甚至許多相信資源導向型經濟去除金錢需求之後會有益處的人,仍然將他們的時間和精力投注於設想出一個「過渡階段」,在金融貨幣體系的限制之中。

The degree of creativity and imagination used to "fix" money is astounding. Returning to the “gold standard”, reforming or ending the central banking systems, direct currency issue by governments, alternative currencies, gift economies where “negative interest”, “resource backed currencies” and “decaying currencies” are used to correct the tendencies towards environmental and social destruction that seem to be built into our present system are just a few of the many ideas floating around. Many of these solutions require a strong central government to make wise decisions regarding interest rates, taxes and tariffs, the creation and regulation of the money supply and the application of imperatives designed to protect people, the environment and the natural resource we all rely on for our very subsistence.
被用來「修復」金錢體系的創造力和想像程度是驚人的。例如「回到金本位」、改革或終結中銀央行系統、由政府直接發行貨幣、替代貨幣、「禮物經濟」,其中「負利率(negative interest)」、「以資源為底的貨幣」、「decaying 貨幣」被使用來導正朝向環境和社會毀滅這些看似內建至我們目前體系的傾向,而這些只是許多到處流傳的一部份想法。許多這些方案都需要一個強力的中央政府來作出明智的決定,像是關於利率、稅和關稅、金錢供應的創造和管控,以及設計出來的強制性法律的應用以保護人民、環境和自然資源,這些東西是我們所有人賴以維生的根本。

Most of us within TZM recognize, even if we sometimes tend to ignore, the flaws in this approach. Even the most “democratic” of modern governments, because of the cultural and monetary conditioning, are tending towards systematic oppression of any “new” approaches that will upset the traditional apple cart. This is the way this system is designed to self perpetuate. And this is one of the primary reason that TZM advocates first creating mass awareness of the need for change as a prerequisite for accomplishing anything of real and lasting value.
大部份在時代精神運動裡面的人認知到,即使我們有時傾向於忽略,這種修補方法的缺陷。即使是最「民主」的現代政府,由於受到文化和金融貨幣體系的制約,都傾向於朝向系統性地反對任何「新方法」,因為這會顛覆傳統的蘋果推車。這就是目前體系被用來自我延續的方式。這也是為何時代精神運動提倡首先要創造大眾意識需要改變的主要理由之一,作為達成任何真正有效和長久持續的價值觀的前提。

Today, money is created by banks through loans. The recording of this loan information beside a name is the moment of monetary creation. Within a debt based monetary system, a huge flaw is that the money required to repay the interest on the loan is never created. This is why we exist in a sea of global debt that can never do anything but increase. The global debt will always increase by the amount of interest required for any loan and never decreases except through the forgiveness of debts of one type or another like we are beginning to see happen around the world today. A number of proposals floating around remove both the creation of money from the hands of the bankers and eliminate interest from the process using various methods. On the surface, these solve some of the most pressing issues facing us today.
今日,金錢是透過銀行貸款而被創造。這種記錄了貸款的資訊,同時也有另一個名字,即為貨幣擴張的時刻。在一個以債務為基礎的金融貨幣體系之中,一個巨大的缺陷是為了償付加在原本貸款上所需的利息,從未自原本的貨幣供應量中被創造出來。這就是為何我們困在全球債務之海中,而且做不了什麼事,只能任憑債務增加。這個全球性的債務,將總是會隨著任何貸款所需的利息數量而增加,而且從未減少過,除非用某種方式赦免債務,就像我們現今開始要看到的東西一樣。一些流傳的提議包括不讓銀行家創造金錢,並從這個過程中透過各種方式消除利息。表面上來看,這些方式解決了某些我們今日所面臨的急迫性問題。

For instance, by eliminating the central banking system and the issuing of debt free money directly by governments, many of the problems people recognize today would be greatly ameliorated. Quite obviously, once again, this is much easier said than done because of the many vested monetary interests involved. This has been done in the past at least in America, on more than one occasion but always, the monetary interests have reasserted their control in one fashion or another until we have reached the deeply entrenched state of the Federal Reserve fiat monetary system we have today. The American people have simply not been aware enough of the dire consequences of allowing such a system to exist, so once again broad public awareness becomes the central issue.
例如,藉由去除中央銀行系統並且由政府直接發行免除債務的金錢,今日許多人們認知到的問題將會大幅改善。但再說一次,很明顯這點嘴巴上說說比實際做還簡單許多,因為其中牽涉到了許多既得的金融貨幣利益。雖然至少這一點(由政府直接發行免除債務的金錢)不只一次過去曾在美國做過,但金融貨幣體系內的得益者總是會再次宣稱他們控制的主權,不論是以何種方式,直到我們達到了現今根深蒂固的美聯準的金融貨幣體系中法幣(fiat money)的狀態。美國人就是尚未足夠意識到任憑如此的體系繼續存在的悲慘後果,因此再次廣泛的大眾覺知變成了一個中心議題。

Perhaps the most promising approaches recognize money as information. The fact that money is primarily information becomes obvious to anyone who takes the time to examine our present monetary system in an unbiased manner. Yet, there are still deep traditional notions regarding the material nature of money that hinder reforms along these lines. One system currently being explored, The Community Exchange System(CES), does an end run around both the central banking systems and governments. By using a global grass roots approach to the creation of money, peer to peer. Money is used as informational content, tracking a person’s participation. In such a system, the decision making process on the creation of credit lies solely in the hands of the individual creditor based on the information tracked for the debtor. The supply of money will always track the actual debt, a zero sum game and there is no central control of the money supply.
或許最有希望的方式是要認知到金錢只是一種抽象的「資訊」。金錢主要只是一種「抽象資訊」的這個事實,只要任何人花點時間以未帶偏見的方式去客觀檢驗,就會變得清楚明顯。然而,仍然關於金錢的實體本質,人們仍有根深蒂固的傳統觀念,阻礙了這些方向的改革。例如有一種正在發展的系統,叫作「社群交換系統(The Community Exchange System, CES)」,在中央銀行系統和政府之間執行著終端的角色,藉由使用一種全球性的草根方式以「點對點(peer to peer)」創造金錢。金錢被用作為資訊的內容,追蹤一個人的參與活動。在這樣的系統中,創造信用的決策過程,只存在於個別獨立個體的債權人之中,基於追蹤債務人的相關資訊。金錢的供應將總是會盯住實際的債務,是一種零和遊戲,而且沒有對於金錢供應的中央控制。

Of course should such a system begin to spread and become effective, both the central banks and the governments might have objections. We know how that might play out. But in a way, this system represents the ideal reform of the monetary system, a return to a true “gift” economy. You provide some goods or a service for me and I recognize that by saying that I am in your debt. The power to create money is returned to the people. Such a system would be entirely dependent upon the good will of the individuals participating. Its wider expression would be the sum total expression of the state of global consciousness or awareness of all the people participating, so the valuations of goods and services would be very similar to what we have today, based on supply and demand.
當然萬一這種系統開始擴散而且有效,中央銀行和政府兩者可能就會反對了。我們知道那種情況結果可能是如何。但某種程度上,這種系統代表了對金融貨幣體系的一種理想改革,一種回歸到真正的「禮物」經濟。你對我提供一些物品或服務,而我承認這一點,藉由說我欠你債。因此創造金錢的力量回歸到人民手上。這樣的系統將完全取決於參與其中的個體的善良意志。更廣泛的表現會是所有參與其中的人們的全球意識或覺知的總體表現,因此對於物品和服務的評價將會與我們今日所擁用的非常相似,即基於供應和需求。

Once again, the key to such an expression becomes mass awareness and the willingness of individuals on a wide scale to act upon that awareness for the application of resource management, environmental protection and the response to human needs. Individuals within such a system that accumulate too much debt might be automatically ostracized from participation and therefore unable to obtain even the basic necessities of life. There are other practical considerations to the implementation of such a system. How do you track the monetary information associated with each person? If you change from a zero sum game, for instance, to recognize the basic necessities of life for each person by providing a basic subsistence credit, who determines this credit? We are starting to approach some scary territory here, imbedded RFID chips for tracking monetary information anyone? Once you decide to track monetary information, which is what money does, it always eventually leads to this outcome. Life and death decisions will be made based on a person’s credit worthiness and controls would have to be implemented to enforce those decisions.
再說一次,這種表現的成功關鍵是要有大眾意識和個體的意願,而且要在全球規模的尺度上實現該意識,以為了達到資源管理的應用、環境保護並回應人類需求。在這樣的系統中,若一個人累積了太多債務,可能就會自動被排除在參與之外,並因此甚至無法取得生活的必需品。另外也有一些實際上的考量,以實踐這種系統。例如你如何追蹤系統中每一個相關人士的金融貨幣資訊?如果你從一個零和遊戲改變,變成認知到每個人生活的基本必需品,藉由提供基本的生存信用,那誰又來決定這個信用呢?我們正開始碰觸到一些駭人聽聞的領域了,像是在人體內植入 RIFD 晶片(RIFD,射頻識別技術,又稱電子標籤),以追蹤任何人的金融貨幣資訊?一旦你決定追蹤了金融貨幣的資訊(這也是金錢本身在做的事),那最終將總是會導致這種結果。生命和死亡的決定,將會基於一個人信用的價值,而且也將必須實施相關的控制以強化那些關於生命和死亡的決定。

So following the money trail, even the most promising ideas lead to an outcome that is greatly different from the RBEM envisioned by so many within TZM. The foundational principle of a RBEM is the value shift that allows such a system to exist in the first place. This is the main reason TZM takes the spreading mass awareness approach. At every turn, the value system shift is critical to the implementation of any changes promising outcomes that lead to a world in which I would someday wish to live, or I would wish for my children to live. This is the real gift TZM has to give to the world. This is the primary and only real task before us right now. Not fixing money, but raising awareness of why we need to move beyond money and of the wonderful future that beacons us if we can. Money is literally a dead end for humanity.
所以,沿著這條金錢的軌跡,即使是最有希望的想法,對於許多時代精神運動內部成員所設想的資源導向型經濟模型而言,結果也會是與其大大不同的。資源導向型經濟的基礎準則是價值觀的轉變,能讓該體系首先有存在的可能性。這也是時代精神運動採取散播大眾意識覺知的主要原因。在每一個關鍵轉折點,價值體系的轉變對於任何改變的實現都至關重要,且這種改變的結果承諾了一個我未來某天會希望居住於其中的世界,或我希望我的孩子們能居住的世界。這就是時代精神運動帶給世界的真正禮物。這就是我們現在主要和唯一的真正任務。不是去修補金錢體系,而是喚醒為何我們必需超越金錢的意識覺知,以及如果可以的話,照耀著我們的未來會是多麼美好。金錢實際上對於人類而言就是字面上的死路一條。

回覆文章